United States Citizenship by Birth (2025)

What is Citizenship by Birth in the United States?

The United States follows the jus soli principle, meaning any child born on U.S. soil, including its territories (e.g., Puerto Rico, Guam), is automatically granted U.S. citizenship, regardless of their parents’ nationality, except for children of foreign diplomats.

Additionally, the U.S. recognizes jus sanguinis, allowing individuals born abroad to obtain U.S. citizenship if at least one parent is a U.S. citizen, provided the parent meets specific physical presence requirements in the U.S. and the birth is registered with a U.S. embassy or consulate.

United States Overview

Capital

Washington, D.C.

Total Area

9,833,517 km²

Population

345.4M

Language

English

Currency

U.S. Dollar (USD)

Time Zone

UTC-4 to -12

Unlock Your Path to United States Citizenship in 2025

Considering the United States as a new home or exploring citizenship options? The U.S.’s robust birth citizenship laws, rooted in jus soli and jus sanguinis principles, make it a unique destination. Our United States Citizenship by Birth Guide 2025 provides everything you need to know as of May 14, 2025.

Requirements for United States Citizenship by Birth (2025)

To qualify for U.S. citizenship by birth, you must meet one of these criteria:

• Born within the United States or its territories (e.g., Puerto Rico, Guam, U.S. Virgin Islands), except for children of foreign diplomats.
• Born abroad to at least one U.S. citizen parent who has lived in the U.S. for a specified period (typically five years, at least two after age 14), with the birth registered via a Consular Report of Birth Abroad (CRBA) at a U.S. embassy or consulate.
• Children born abroad to U.S. citizen parents serving in diplomatic or military roles may qualify, subject to registration.

United States Citizenship by Birth Step by Step

If you're eligible for U.S. citizenship by birth, here's the step-by-step process to apply. Follow these guidelines to ensure your application is successful.

1. Gather Required Documents

Before you apply, make sure you have the following documents:

• Birth Certificate: A certified copy of your U.S. birth certificate issued by the state or territory’s vital records office.
• Parental Proof of Nationality: If applicable, proof that your parent(s) are U.S. citizens (e.g., U.S. passport, birth certificate, or naturalization certificate).
• Valid Identification: Passport or government-issued ID.
• Additional Supporting Documents: For children born abroad, evidence of the U.S. citizen parent’s physical presence in the U.S. (e.g., school records, tax returns).

2. Register the Birth

To confirm citizenship, you must register the birth with the appropriate U.S. authorities:

• In the United States: Register the birth with the state or territory’s vital records office. This automatically confirms citizenship for those born in the U.S.
• Outside the United States: File a Consular Report of Birth Abroad (CRBA) at the nearest U.S. embassy or consulate. Submit proof of U.S. parentage and physical presence.

3. Submit Your Application

Complete the application forms provided by the vital records office or U.S. embassy/consulate (e.g., Form DS-2029 for CRBA). Submit your documents for verification. Pay any required fees (see the Costs section below).

4. Wait for Processing

After submitting your application, it will be reviewed by the appropriate U.S. authorities. Processing times vary, typically taking a few weeks for in-U.S. registrations and 4–8 weeks for CRBA applications.

5. Receive Your Citizenship

Once approved, you will receive official recognition of your U.S. citizenship, typically in the form of a birth certificate (for those born in the U.S.) or a Consular Report of Birth Abroad certificate (for those born abroad).

6. Costs of Application

Be aware of the following potential costs:

• Application Fees: Birth certificate fees vary by state (typically USD 10–50); CRBA fees are approximately USD 100 as of 2025.
• Document Fees: Costs for obtaining certified copies, notarization, or translations of documents.

Confirm the exact fees at the time of application by contacting the vital records office or U.S. embassy/consulate.

7. Additional Tips

• Start Early: Ensure all documents are complete and certified. Incomplete applications can delay processing.
• Check for Updates: Citizenship laws can change. Verify current requirements with a U.S. embassy, consulate, or the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) before applying.
• Consult a Professional: If unsure, consult a U.S. immigration lawyer or expert to navigate complex cases, especially for CRBA applications.

Explore the United States: A Land of Opportunity

Discover the United States, a diverse nation spanning vibrant cities, stunning natural landscapes, and a rich cultural heritage. From the iconic skyline of New York City to the majestic Grand Canyon and the beaches of Hawaii, the U.S. offers endless opportunities for exploration.

Home to UNESCO World Heritage sites like Yellowstone National Park and Independence Hall, the U.S. boasts a dynamic cultural mosaic shaped by Native American, European, African, and global influences. Enjoy diverse cuisines, celebrate festivals like Thanksgiving and Independence Day, and immerse yourself in a land of innovation and diversity. Whether you’re drawn to urban energy, natural wonders, or historical landmarks, the U.S. captivates all.

Map of United States Visa Free

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

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