Citizenship by Naturalization: Countries & Requirements

Countries with Shortest Residency Requirements

  • Argentina: 2 years of legal residency.
  • Paraguay: 3 years of residency.
  • Uruguay: 3 years (if married to a citizen) or 5 years.
  • Dominican Republic: 2 years (if married to a citizen).
  • Peru: 2 years of residency.

Standard Residency Requirements (5-10 Years)

  • Canada: 5 years of permanent residency.
  • Australia: 4 years, including 1 year as a permanent resident.
  • United States: 5 years (or 3 years if married to a U.S. citizen).
  • Portugal: 5 years of legal residency.
  • New Zealand: 5 years of residence with English proficiency.

Longer Residency Requirements (10+ Years)

  • 📌 Switzerland: 10 years of continuous residence.
  • 📌 Spain: 10 years, but only 2 years for Latin Americans, Filipinos, and Sephardic Jews.
  • 📌 Germany: 8 years, or 6 years with strong integration efforts.
  • 📌 France: 5 years (or 2 years for students and exceptional contributions).
  • 📌 Italy: 10 years of residency.

Investment-Based Naturalization

  • 💰 Malta: Fast-track citizenship in 1-3 years through investment.
  • 💰 Turkey: Citizenship via $400,000 real estate investment.
  • 💰 Saint Kitts & Nevis, Dominica, Grenada: Citizenship by Investment in 3-6 months.

Frequently Asked Questions

Which country has the fastest naturalization process?

Argentina offers one of the fastest naturalization processes, requiring only 2 years of legal residency.

Can I retain my original nationality?

Many countries allow dual citizenship, but some require renouncing your previous nationality.

Are there ways to fast-track naturalization?

Yes, investment programs and marriage to a citizen can sometimes reduce the residency requirement.

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