How to Obtain Romanian Citizenship by Residency in 2025
Romanian citizenship can be acquired by foreign nationals through long-term residency under Law No. 21/1991. The process is managed by the National Authority for Citizenship (Autoritatea Națională pentru Cetățenie – ANC).
This guide explains the 8-year residency path (or reduced to 5 years for certain categories), language and cultural requirements, documents needed, and a step-by-step process for applying in 2025.
Eligibility Criteria for Romanian Citizenship
| Requirement | Details |
|---|---|
| Residency | 8 years of legal residence (5 if married to a Romanian citizen) |
| Language | Knowledge of Romanian language and culture is required |
| Integration | Familiarity with Romanian constitution and national anthem |
| Income | Stable income and legal employment required |
| Criminal Record | No criminal history that would disqualify the applicant |
| Dual Citizenship | Allowed under Romanian law |
Residency Requirements Explained
- Standard track: 8 continuous years of legal residence in Romania
- Spouse track: 5 years of legal residence if married to a Romanian citizen
- Romanian origin or adopted child: Eligible through simplified routes
Step-by-Step Application Process
- Ensure 5 or 8 years of legal residency
- Pass Romanian language and constitution knowledge assessment
- Gather all documents and legal translations
- Submit application at ANC office or via Romanian consulate (if abroad)
- Attend interview on Romanian language and cultural knowledge
- Wait for decision and take oath of allegiance
Documents Required
- Valid passport and residence permit
- Birth certificate (translated and legalized)
- Proof of income (work contract, tax returns, etc.)
- Criminal record from Romania and country of origin
- Proof of residence in Romania (rental contract or ownership)
- Marriage certificate (if applicable)
- Language proficiency proof (exam or interview)
Fees & Costs (2025)
| Item | Estimated Fee | Details |
|---|---|---|
| Application Fee | RON 200 (~€40) | Paid to ANC during submission |
| Document Translation/Legalization | RON 300–600 | Depends on quantity and providers |
| Language/Civics Prep (optional) | RON 500–1,000 | Prep courses may help with the interview |
Tips for a Successful Application
- Keep records of continuous residence and income for each year
- Start learning Romanian early—oral fluency matters
- Consult with ANC-approved translators and lawyers
- Check for updates and delays, as processing may vary
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. Can I keep my original nationality?
Yes. Romania allows dual citizenship.
2. Is there a language test?
There is no written test, but a verbal interview assesses Romanian proficiency.
3. How long does the process take?
Usually 8–18 months depending on case complexity and ANC caseload.
4. Can I apply from abroad?
Yes. You can apply via a Romanian consulate if living abroad with Romanian ties.
Useful Resources
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